"A “pure” UBI (providing a set benefit to all regardless of income, age, etc.) funded to meet basic needs for a household without earnings would be extremely expensive, about twice the cost of all existing transfers in the U.S. Funding this would require substantial new revenue. The source of the new funds is a first order issue, and will have substantial impacts on the distributional effects of the policy and its ability to target those most in need of assistance. In particular, replacing existing anti-poverty programs with a UBI would be highly regressive, unless substantial additional funds were put in."