In Norway, workers moving *out* of codetermined firms experience a 3% drop in wages compared to their former co-workers moving between codetermined firms.

"On average, we find that workers moving into firms with worker representation experience a four percent increase in wages, compared with their former co-workers moving between firms without representation. Conversely, workers moving out of firms with worker representation experience, on average, a three percent drop in wages, compared with their former co-workers mov- ing between firms with representation."