{"insight":{"id":"116532546","lede":"Headline results included an increase in average reading achievement in children grades 4 through 6. No beneficial effects were observed for older children.","slug":"attendance-grades-and-test-scores-were-higher-for-children-of-families-who-receiv","title":"Attendance, grades, and test scores were higher for children of families who received NIT, especially younger children and children from low-income households.","showTitleAsQuote":false,"epistemicStatus":"empirical","reports":[{"id":"19519421","title":"Basic Income","slug":"basic-income"}],"tags":[{"slug":"education","name":"Education","id":"101119962","lede":"","ledeExcerpt":"","featured":null},{"slug":"negative-income-tax","name":"Negative Income Tax (NIT)","id":"23932842","lede":"

Negative Income Tax (NIT) is a form of basic income that phases out as recipient earned income rises. NIT is composed of an "income floor" and a "phaseout rate". The income floor is the amount of cash a recipient with $0 of earned income receives. The phaseout rate is how much the cash benefit is decreased per additional dollar of earned income.

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For example, consider an NIT with an income floor of $13,000 and a phaseout rate of 50%. A citizen with no income would receive $13,000 per year, often broken up into monthly payments. If the citizen gets a part-time job and begins earning $20,000 per year, they would still receive $3,000 per year in NIT benefits.

\n","ledeExcerpt":"Negative Income Tax (NIT) is a form of basic income that phases out as recipient earned income rises. NIT is composed of an \"income floor\" and a \"phaseout rate\". The income floor is the amount of cash a recipient with $0 of earned income receives. The phaseout rate is how much the cash benefit is decreased per additional dollar of earned income.\n\nFor example, consider an NIT with an income floor of $13,000 and a phaseout rate of 50%. A citizen with no income would receive $13,000 per year, often broken up into monthly payments. If the citizen gets a part-time job and begins earning $20,000 per year, they would still receive $3,000 per year in NIT benefits.","featured":null},{"slug":"stability","name":"Stability","id":"23916385","lede":"

We define stability as the resiliency, robustness, and constancy of our nested social, financial, and environmental systems. Stability is the degree to which our systems can withstand stress and maintain their functionality over time.

\n\n

Why do we need stability? All else equal, a stable society is preferable to an unstable society. Stability - the product of the harmonious interaction between parts, or interwoven systems - protects against uncertainty and decay. For example, a healthy body regulates its blood glucose levels to provide cells with their required energy. Too much glucose makes cells sticky, with a paralyzing effect. Too little glucose starves them. What's important is the constancy of glucose regulation within functional limits, and the resiliency to maintain this regulation amidst adversity.

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Instability occurs when systems transgress functional limits, causing the breakdown of other systems and suffering for those who depend on them. When interlocking systems remain stable, they provide a fertile foundation for positive expectations that fuel investments in progress and broad cooperation throughout society.

\n","ledeExcerpt":"We define stability as the resiliency, robustness, and constancy of our nested social, financial, and environmental systems. Stability is the degree to which our systems can withstand stress and maintain their functionality over time. \n\nWhy do we need stability? All else equal, a stable society is preferable to an unstable society. Stability - the product of the harmonious interaction between parts, or interwoven systems - protects against uncertainty and decay. For example, a healthy body regulates its blood glucose levels to provide cells with their required energy. Too much glucose makes cells sticky, with a paralyzing effect. Too little glucose starves them. What's important is the constancy of glucose regulation within functional limits, and the resiliency to maintain this regulation amidst adversity.\n\nInstability occurs when systems transgress functional limits, causing the breakdown of other systems and suffering for those who depend on them. When interlocking systems remain stable, they provide a fertile foundation for positive expectations that fuel investments in progress and broad cooperation throughout society.","featured":true}],"sources":[{"id":"116532524","lede":"\"This paper analyzes the impact of a negative income tax experiment on the school performance of children in grades 4 through 10. The results indicate that the experimental program led to an increase in the average reading achievement of children in grades 4 through 6. This improved performance cam be explained at least in part by the effect of the program on family income. No beneficial effects of the NIT program were observed for older children.\"","link":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/145317?seq=1","slug":"the-effects-of-a-negative-income-tax-on-school-performance-results-of-an-experime","kind":"Academic Paper","title":"The Effects of a Negative Income Tax on School Performance: Results of an Experiment","year":"1979-01-01","researchers":[{"id":"116530778","location":"Mathematica Policy Research, Senior Economist","name":"Rebecca A. Maynard","seoDescription":"","slug":"rebecca-a-maynard"},{"id":"116530787","location":"Yale University, Assistant Professor of Economics","name":"Richard J. Murnane","seoDescription":"","slug":"richard-j-murnane"}]}]}}